Te awe o te tono ki te hoahoa pākahiko
Te awe o te tono ki rungapūhikohoahoa,
pūhiko,
▍He aha te cTUVus & ETL CERTIFICATION?
Ko te OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), he hononga ki te US DOL (Te Tari Reipa), e kii ana ko nga hua katoa ka whakamahia ki te waahi mahi me whakamatau me te tiwhikete e NRTL i mua i te hoko ki te maakete. Ko nga paerewa whakamatautau e tika ana ko nga paerewa American National Standards Institute (ANSI); American Society for Testing Material (ASTM) paerewa, Underwriter Laboratory (UL) paerewa, me nga paerewa whakahaere whakamihi tahi wheketere.
▍OSHA, NRTL, cTUVus, ETL me UL whakamāramatanga kupu me te hononga
OSHA:Whakapototanga o te Whakahaere Haumaru Mahi me te Hauora. He hononga no US DOL (Te Tari Reipa).
NRTL：Whakapototanga o te Taiwhanga Whakamatau Whakamatau Motu. Kei a ia te mana whakahaere mo te whakamanatanga taiwhanga. I tenei wa, 18 nga umanga whakamatautau tuatoru i whakaaetia e NRTL, tae atu ki te TUV, ITS, MET me era atu.
cTUVus：Tohu Tiwhikete o TUVRh i Amerika Te Tai Tokerau.
ETL：Whakapototanga o American Electrical Testing Laboratory. I whakapumautia i te tau 1896 e Albert Einstein, te kaihanga o Amerika.
UL：Whakapototanga o Underwriter Laboratories Inc.
▍ Rerekētanga i waenga i te cTUVus, ETL me te UL
| Tūemi | UL | cTUVus | ETL |
| Paerewa tono | He rite tonu | ||
| Ko te whare wananga e tika ana mo te whiwhi tiwhikete | NRTL (taiwhanga kua whakamanahia e te motu) | ||
| Maakete tono | Amerika ki te Raki (US me Canada) | ||
| Te whare whakamatautau me te tiwhikete | Ka mahia e te Underwriter Laboratory (Haina) Inc te whakamatautau me te whakaputa i te reta whakatau kaupapa | Ka mahia e te MCM nga whakamatautau me te tiwhikete take TUV | Ka mahia e te MCM nga whakamatautau me te tiwhikete take TUV |
| Te wa arahi | 5-12W | 2-3W | 2-3W |
| Utu tono | Te teitei o te hoa | Mo te 50 ~ 60% o te utu UL | Mo te 60 ~ 70% o te utu UL |
| Painga | He umanga a-rohe o Amerika me te mohio pai ki US me Kanata | He mana whakahaere tetahi umanga o te ao me te tuku utu tika, ka mohiotia hoki e Amerika Te Tai Tokerau | He umanga a Amerika me te mohio pai i Amerika Te Tai Tokerau |
| Te kino |
| He iti ake te tohu tohu i to UL | He iti ake te mohio ki tera o te UL i roto i te tiwhikete o te waahanga hua |
▍He aha MCM?
● Tautoko ngawari mai i te tohu me te hangarau:I te mea ko te taiwhanga whakamatautau kaitaunaki o TUVRH me ITS i te Tiwhikete o Amerika ki te Raki, ka taea e MCM te mahi i nga momo whakamatautau katoa me te whakarato ratonga pai ake ma te whakawhiti hangarau kanohi ki te kanohi.
● Tautoko uaua mai i te hangarau:Kei a MCM nga taputapu whakamatautau katoa mo nga pākahiko o nga kaupapa nui-rahi, iti-rahi me te tino tika (arā, te motuka hiko hiko, te kaha rokiroki, me nga hua mamati hiko), ka taea te whakarato i te katoa.pūhikonga ratonga whakamatautau me te tiwhikete i Amerika Te Tai Tokerau, e hipoki ana i nga paerewa UL2580, UL1973, UL2271, UL1642, UL2054 me etahi atu.
Ko te Upoko 4 o te tono ka kaha te pa ki te hoahoa pākahiko: ina tangohia te whakaaro whakarereke mo te he o nga waahanga whakamarumaru me nga iahiko, ka mahia te whakamarumaru ma roto i nga iahiko e rua, nga waahanga ranei, me taapiri tetahi atu taputapu tiaki na te mea ko te ko nga mea taketake me he. Hei tauira, i roto i te whakamatautau utu nui, mena e rua nga MOSFET e whakamahia ana mo te whakamarumaru utu nui
me he ki te kore e mahi etahi atu hoahoa whakamarumaru utu nui, ka ngaro te pākahiko i te whakamarumaru utu nui ka kore e taea te whakamatautau.
E ai ki te Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 935 (te whakahounga o te Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1856 "I runga i te tikanga mo te hanganga me te tiaki i te rehita o nga tiwhikete kua tukuna me te whakapuakanga rehita o conformity", i tukuna i te Pipiri 21st, 2021), Te Whakataunga a te Kawanatanga o te Russian Federation Nama 936 ("I runga i te tikanga mo te rehitatanga, te aukati, te whakahou me te whakamutu i te whakapuakanga o te rite,
te whakakore i a raatau me te tikanga mo te whakatarewa
